Conditionals and the passive
ሁኔታዊ ዓረፍተ ነገሮችና ተገብሮ ግስ
Recognise the four conditional patterns and form the passive in common tenses.
Printable worksheetHow it works
Conditionals · ሁኔታዊ ዓረፍተ ነገሮች
Zero: If you heat ice, it melts. (if + present, present)
ሁልጊዜ እውነት የሆነ ነገር።
First: If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. (if + present, will + verb)
ሊሆን የሚችል የወደፊት ሁኔታ።
Second: If I had more time, I would learn French. (if + past, would + verb)
ምናባዊ ወይም የማይመስል የአሁን ሁኔታ።
Third: If she had studied, she would have passed. (if + had + V3, would have + V3)
ያለፈ ያልተፈጸመ ሁኔታ፦ አሁን መለወጥ አይቻልም።
Never put will or would in the if-part: "If it will rain" is wrong. Use "If it rains".
"will" ወይም "would" በ"if" ክፍል ውስጥ አያስገቡ፦ "If it will rain" ስህተት ነው፤ "If it rains" ይበሉ።
The passive: be + past participle · ተገብሮ ግስ፦ be + V3
Present: Coffee is grown in Jimma.
ቡና በጅማ ይመረታል።
Past: The bridge was built in 2010.
ድልድዩ በ2010 ተሠራ።
Present perfect: The results have been announced.
ውጤቶቹ ይፋ ተደርገዋል።
Future / modal: The exam will be held in June. Phones must be switched off.
ፈተናው በሰኔ ይሰጣል። ስልኮች መጥፋት አለባቸው።
Use the passive when the action is more important than the person who did it. Add "by" only if the doer matters: The book was written by a local teacher.
ድርጊቱ ከፈጻሚው በላይ አስፈላጊ ሲሆን ተገብሮ ይጠቀሙ። ፈጻሚው አስፈላጊ ከሆነ ብቻ "by" ይጨምሩ።
Examples
Listen, then tap the microphone to record yourself and compare. Your voice stays on your phone.
If you mix red and white, you get pink.
ቀይና ነጭን ብትቀላቅል ሮዝ ታገኛለህ።
If you study every day, you will pass the exam.
በየቀኑ ካጠናህ ፈተናውን ታልፋለህ።
If I were the director, I would build a new library.
ዳይሬክተሩ ብሆን ኖሮ አዲስ ቤተ መጻሕፍት እሠራ ነበር።
If we had left earlier, we would not have missed the bus.
ቀደም ብለን ብንወጣ ኖሮ አውቶቡሱ አያመልጠንም ነበር።
English is spoken in many countries.
እንግሊዝኛ በብዙ አገሮች ይነገራል።
The letters were delivered this morning.
ደብዳቤዎቹ ዛሬ ጠዋት ደረሱ።
The new road has been finished.
አዲሱ መንገድ ተጠናቋል።
The winners will be announced next week.
አሸናፊዎቹ በሚቀጥለው ሳምንት ይፋ ይደረጋሉ።